The Hindu Yugas and their Correlation with Zarvane Daregho Khadateh (ZDK) :-
We will try now to correlate between the Hindu Yugas and Zarvaneh Daregho Khadateh(ZDK). It has to be noted that Calculation of Hindu Yugas is “Kulyati” = Collective evolution, where as Mazdayasnan calculation of ZDK is “Zuzvavi” = Separate and detailed evolution and is as per “M-ta” Calculation= right and detailed calculation in nature and displays separate time frame and every time frame is dissected separately and given in detail. (See Nikhiz Volume 1 Page no 819 and 823. 42K).
Reference:- This entire topic of Hindu Yugas is taken from Essential Origins of Zoroastrianism by Dr. F.S.Chiniwalla Page 179-180 and The Manual of Khshnoom By Phiroze Tavadia Pages 378 to 381, Nikhiz Vehdin Volume 1 Page 42k - 43k . The undermentioned tables is taken from “Significance and Philosophy of the Vendidad” by Ervad Marzban Hathiram Page 17, and the simplified tables contain simple multiplication and division rules, which provides bird’s eye view of the Hindu Yugas and its comparison with ZDK.
It should be noted that the Hindu Yugas viz. Satya, Treta, Dvapar, and Kali are in fact nothing but the collective forms of the Daregho Khadat aeons. Each Yuga in a trio cantains so many Daregho Khadat comprising of 81,000 years only to remain in Laya period or the inactive time period to begin anew the next Dargho Khadateh. According to Khshnoom the “Laya period” or the average period of life on Airyana Vaeja, which constitutes transitional period between end of one ZDK marked by deluge the earth experiences according to natures plan and beginning of another ZDK comes to 27,000 years. Laya period is explained further in details below.
The ratio of 3 is to 16:-
The Hindu Yugas and the Mazdayasna Daregho Khadateh aeons stand in the ratio of 3 to 16. What is so special in the number 3 and 16 ?? ( For details see Kali-Yug explanation under title of Applied Numerology).
That is Kali-Yuga which contains 4,32,000 years is multiplied by Three that is 3 Kali-Yugas makes 12,96,000 years (4,32,000x3=12,96,000) will make 16 Daregho Khadat (ZDK). Thus Kali-Yuga contains 16 ZDK.
Note:- How Kali-Yuga has come to 4,32,000 years its explanation is given below.
Dvapar-Yuga is 4,32,000 multiplied by 2 (is actually twice Kaliyuga)4,32,000x2=8,64,000 will make 32 ZDK. (Note Dva=2). Thus Dvapar-yuga contains 32 ZDK.
Treta –Yuga is 4,32,000 multipled by 3 (is actually thrice Kaliyuga) 4,32,000x3=12,96,000 will make 48 ZDK (Note Treta=3). Thus Treta-Yuga contains 48 ZDK.
Satya-Yuga is 4,32,000 multiplied by 4 (is actually 4 Kaliyuga) 4,32,000x4=17,28,000 will make 64 ZDK. Thus Satya-Yuga contains 64 ZDK.
Applied Numerology:-
The number attached to ZDK shows and explains the nature of the Yuga. In Kali Yuga, the 16 number denotes two digits that is 1 and 6 which by addition make 7 (1+6=7). The number 16 denotes Keshash or Karma. Our Atash Behram is made up of 16 types of Atash and Atash Padshah takes care of our Karma. It is through Karma that Druj is transmuted. Just like Iron smith through hammering of Iron heated on furnace fire is moulded to a desired shape. The pounding is denoted by hardships an Individual goes through. The souls that descend in this Kali-Yuga give vent to their lust and deviate from the godly path and fall in viscious circle of birth and death, the shuttling (Thwaksh) for purification of soul and through dire suffering in this material world refered to as Ayangha Khshustha= Molten Iron ( Yasna 51,9). Fire is the lord of Karma. It is through fire of “Atash Behram” that one will reach the power of Number Three(see Treta-Yug) which will evove the soul to liberation= “Nejat”= Mukti. Ref:- Farhangeh Meher Page 62. Thus number 16 which added will finally show number 7(1+6=7). This number 7 denotes the revolutions and upheavals of Kali- Yuga that is times of great changes when sin will work havoc. Such is the connotation of Kali. The above explanation is enough for us to understand the Ratio of 3:16
Next in Dvapar Yuga, the number 32 denotes two digits 3 and 2 that is 3+2=5, this number 5 denotes times in which the five senses are controlled by five higher senses. Such is the connotation of Dvapar denoted by number 32.
Next in Treta Yuga, the number 48 denotes two digits 4 and 8, that is 4+8=12 which is further 1+2=3. The mystic import of number 3 denotes and connotes that from the beginning one that is from Hasti we come to this Nisti Condition of second import from which remaining on the path we should find our way back that is we must take a third turn upwards again. That is we have come from Hasti for transmutation of Ego or Ignorance, gone to Nisti and earth and now we go back to Hasti after full process of alchemy of soul is complete. Thus Treta contains 48 ZDK denotes a time when people will work only for the emancipation of the soul.
Next in Satya Yuga, the number 64 denotes two digits 6 and 4, that is 6+4=10 which denotes our final goal that is perfection. Satya-Yuga denotes the time when men will be of one Varana, forming one Brotherhood. See Visual below:-
A small note will suffice to remind us that we are presently living in this Kali-Yug. How are we supposed to lead our lives in this Kalyug. According to Parsee Avaz and precious advice by Akhada Behdin Bin Kaus, it is shown as under:-
Dariyav e Nasihat by Akhada Behdin Kaus
"Those who possess compassion and love for humanity in general, those whose speech is only truth if uttered, and those whose physical body and mind is ever ready to help others by their selfless service to humanity even kaliyug is helpess towards those individuals and cannot harm them."
However hard malefice aspect of planets is in our destiny, when Problems are there, God has also given us solutions, but it is upto us to reach out and find solutions and act in right manner. What else do we want from this life.
See importance of Karma and Keshash below.
Reference:- for below mentioned Vedic Calculation is taken from “Manual of Khshnoom” by Phiroze Tavadia Page 378- 379
Thus, ZDK is a specific Aeon, while Yuga are collective generic Aeons. Amongst the Mazdayasnan there are collective Mahin Charkh showing the parellel of Yuga. That is:-
1 ZDK=81,000 years
4 ZDK= 1 Mahin Charkha
1 Mahin Charkha(4x81,000) =3,24,000 years
1 Kali-Yuga = 4,32,000 years
Vedic mode of Calculations of Yugas according to “Gita Rahsya”
In Vedic calculations as is mentioned in our 7 Kaal there is no mention of time lapse between creation of the Universe and its destruction or its merging. Also as in 7 Kaals we have time frame explaining Pre Cosmogenesis era the impersonal God Ahu, the making of Ahura mazda, Angra Mainyu, the formation of Hasti, then Nisti and then earth, Initially AhuraMazda and Angramainyu working together for a time frame and later both of them separated, Humans descending the earth and after evolution the merging of Universe to Ahu. All that is mentioned in 7 Kaals. Where as as per “Samkhya Karika” non of above is mentioned and only the 4 Hindu Yugas explaining the mankind and their journey on earth is mentioned.
As per Gita Rahsya Volume 1 Page 263-264 written by Sanskrit Scholar Bal Gangadhar Tilak he mentions as under:- “ What period of time lapse between the creation of the Universe and its destruction or merging is nowhere mentioned in Sankhya Karika yet he thinks(Tilak) that computation of time mentioned in Manu Samhita, Bhagwad Gita or Mahabharata must have been accepted by Samkhya Philosophers”.
Importance of Karma and Keshash:-
The original Gita certain parts are universal, did not preach the Philosophy of Renunciation (nivrtti), but of Energism (Karma Yoga); and that possibly, the single word yoga used in the Gita had been used to mean Karma Yoga. This release through medium of Karma could be obtained by knowledge (jnana) or by devotion (bhakti), that is to say, of the moksa-marga.That is why Karma or Keshash plays very important part in our release from this world. Face whatever karma that comes our way truthfully knowing fully well that it is for our own good. That is why till our Karma is not dissolved, we have blinkers before our eyes, even if jnana or knowledge is put before us we will laugh it off as mere superstition and thus we won’t attain Mokhsha. The food is there before our eyes, but we are not hungry, so whose fault is it anyway. Pay great attention to our Karma with others. Try to reduce it, but not increase it. Such is importance of Keshash that Khshnoom teaches us.
But how do we know what is wrong and right for us ? For that we have to develop our Kherad by adopting the path of tarikat, and then listen to voice of our conscience. But first sincere effort to follow path of tarikat is step in right direction. Even after following path of Tarikat we do not get results then no need to get disheartened, but try to redo it, analyse ourself, and introspect where we have gone wrong. Ask questions to one own self; we are our best guides and no need to consult others, nor go to Peer, Buwa, Maulvi or follow other religious practices.
Difference between Earth years and God Years as per Sankhya Philosophers :-
In one Earth year, our Uttarayana, that is period when the apparent Sun seems to travel towards North is the Day of the gods, and our Dakshinayana, when Sun seems to travel southwards is the night of the gods. Hence the whole earth year which consist of Sun moving North in half year and in other half year Sun moving southward, this whole Earth year is only taken as One day and Night of the god. That is 1 Earth year= 1 Day of the the God. As the Sun moves 360 degrees around Earth, in 1 Earth year, hence 360 Earth years= 360 God Days/Night of 24 hours= 1 year of the God. So Sankhya Philosophers has taken 360 Earth years= 1 Year of the God in their Calculations. We know that as per Hindu Calculation they have 4 Yugas and their number of years is counted as under:-
Note:- These 12,000 years as stated in Puranas are years of God, meaning 360 x 12000 = 43,20,000 Earth Years.
The Transitional period is the period which is taken on either side of main Period of Yuga, as one Yuga does not start immediately after the close of the previous one, and there are intermediate years which are conjunctional.
Note:-As we know as per Khshnoom the end of every ZDK is heralded by a deluge drowning all humans, animal and vegetable life. However before the deluge actually comes over a Saviour named “Soshyos” who in rank is next to Holy Zarathushtra carries to safety the excellent pairs of all Genuses of mankind, animal and plant life. These human pair is thus known as “Maabadian”=Abad- free, Mah-water. The indestructible height of safety where they were removed is called “Mt Alborz” in “Aivi-Thrishva” the holy one third of earth globe buried since long under snow at the North Pole. Thus Thrishva and the known material world are populated alternatively. That is while Thrishva is populated for period of 27,000 years, our material world is uninhibited due to flood waters and while globe is again inhabited and runs the course of fresh ZDK of 81,00 years time cycle, the Thrishwa remains uninhabited being buried under snow.
According to Khshnoom, the average period of life on “Airyana Vaeja” in “Aivi-Thrishwa”, which constitutes the Transitional period between 1 ZDK (of 81,000 years) and another ZDK comes to 27,000 years as shown further right below.(as is highlighted in Grey)
As we have seen above:-
1 ZDK=81,000 years
4 ZDK= 1 Mahin Charkha
1 Mahin Charkha(4x81,000) =3,24,000 years
1 Kali-Yuga = 4,32,000 years
The transitional periods included in Kali- Yuga is excluded from Mahin Charkha:-
For our present purpose we are concerned with Kali-Yuga the sum total of 1200 years as shown in grey shade in the tables have been stated to be God Years. As 1 God year=360 Human Years. Hence 1 Kali-Yuga=1200 x 360 = 4,32,000 years which are inclusive of the Transitional periods.
Where as with regard to our Ancient Iranian system:-
1 ZDK=81,000 years
4 ZDK= 1 Mahin Charkha
1 Mahin Charkha(4x81,000) =3,24,000 years.
Thus these 3,24,000 years which will be readily understood, are exclusive of 4 transitional periods of ZDK. (4x1 ZDK=324000)
Thus Mahin charkha=3,24,000 years and Kali-Yuga=4,32,000 years, the difference between the two comes to 1,08,000 years (4,32,000 – 3,24,000= 1,08,000). If we divide these 1,08,000 years by 4 is equal to 27,000 years. This 27,000 years period is known as “Laya Period” or idle period between any two ZDK cycle.
Conclusion:- Thus the difference between the Vedic Kali Yuga and the Iranian Mahin Charkha is that the 4 transitional periods which is equal to 1,08,000 years are included in the former that is Vedic Kali Yuga, and excluded from the latter that is Mahin Charkha.
Lastly and in conclusion we will answer all the questions very briefly as asked in "Mankind and his Cosmic Tryst with other Worlds.- Part 7" of this series:-
Firdosh
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